1 Kings 2:43

Authorized King James Version

Why then hast thou not kept the oath of the LORD, and the commandment that I have charged thee with?

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וּמַדּ֕וּעַ
what (is) known?; i.e., (by implication) (adverbially) why?
#2
לֹ֣א
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
#3
שָׁמַ֔רְתָּ
Why then hast thou not kept
properly, to hedge about (as with thorns), i.e., guard; generally, to protect, attend to, etc
#4
אֵ֖ת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#5
שְׁבֻעַ֣ת
the oath
properly, something sworn, i.e., an oath
#6
יְהוָ֑ה
of the LORD
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
#7
וְאֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#8
הַמִּצְוָ֖ה
and the commandment
a command, whether human or divine (collectively, the law)
#9
אֲשֶׁר
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
#10
צִוִּ֥יתִי
that I have charged
(intensively) to constitute, enjoin
#11
עָלֶֽיךָ׃
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications

Analysis

Within the broader context of 1 Kings, this passage highlights covenant through simile or metaphorical language. The theological weight of divine sovereignty connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about divine sovereignty, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of 1 Kings.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on covenant particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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